Poverty, Unemployment & Inclusive Growth

Q1. Absolute poverty refers to:

A. Poverty relative to society averageB. Inability to meet minimum absolute living standardC. Only rural povertyD. Inequality among rich

Q2. Tendulkar Committee is associated with:

A. Monetary policyB. Poverty line estimation in IndiaC. Banking reformsD. GST

Q3. MPI includes dimensions of:

A. Only incomeB. Health, Education, Standard of livingC. Only employmentD. Only nutrition

Q4. Disguised unemployment is common in:

A. Organised manufacturingB. Agriculture (near-zero marginal productivity)C. IT sectorD. Government jobs only

Q5. LFPR measures:

A. Only employedB. Share of population working or seeking workC. Only unemployedD. Only organised workers

Q6. Gini coefficient measures:

A. Only headcount povertyB. Inequality of income/wealthC. Only GDP growthD. Only inflation

Q7. MGNREGA provides:

A. Urban permanent jobsB. Legal guarantee of 100 days rural wage employmentC. Only skill trainingD. Only food subsidy

Q8. Rangarajan Committee on poverty:

A. Lowered the poverty line vs TendulkarB. Suggested higher poverty lines than TendulkarC. Dealt with bankingD. Dealt with inflation targeting

Q9. Frictional unemployment is due to:

A. Skill mismatch long-termB. Time taken in job search/transitionC. Only cyclical downturnsD. Only technology

Q10. Inclusive growth emphasises:

A. Only high GDPB. Growth with equity and access to opportunitiesC. Only industryD. Only exports

Q11. Poverty gap measures:

A. Only number of poorB. Depth of poverty (average shortfall from line)C. Only inequality of non-poorD. Only urban poverty

Q12. Supply-side measure for unemployment:

A. Only raise demandB. Skill development to improve employabilityC. Only print moneyD. Only raise fiscal deficit

Q13. HDI is published by:

A. World BankB. UNDPC. IMFD. WTO

Q14. Structural unemployment causes:

A. Temporary layoffsB. Mismatch of skills / structural economic changeC. Only seasonal factorsD. Only frictional

Q15. PMJDY aims at:

A. Only MGNREGAB. Financial inclusion (bank accounts)C. Only PDSD. Only MSP

Q16. Working poor means:

A. Only unemployedB. Employed but still below poverty lineC. Only govt employeesD. Only industry workers

Q17. NITI National MPI uses:

A. Only 1950s dataB. NFHS-based multidimensional indicatorsC. No surveyD. Only World Bank lines

Q18. Cyclical unemployment linked to:

A. Only technologyB. Business cycle downturns (weak demand)C. Only agriculture seasonD. Only voluntary exit

Q19. Reducing inequality tools:

A. Regressive taxesB. Progressive taxes, public services, targeted transfersC. Only high inflationD. Only capital openness

Q20. Lorenz Curve shows:

A. InflationB. Income/wealth distributionC. Only GDPD. Exchange rates

Q21. Poverty measurement challenge:

A. Only urban dataB. Choice of line, survey design, multidimensionalityC. No data at allD. Only computers

Q22. Employment elasticity is:

A. Only labour productivityB. % change employment / % change outputC. Only wageD. Only capital intensity

Q23. Social protection example:

A. Corporate tax cutB. Ayushman Bharat health coverC. Export subsidyD. Bank rate cut

Q24. GII captures:

A. Only income gapsB. Reproductive health, empowerment, labour market gender gapsC. Only enrolmentD. Only politics

Q25. Unemployment measures in India:

A. Only one measureB. Usual Status, CWS, CDSC. Never measuredD. Only organised sector

Q26. Chronic poverty is:

A. Long-duration / inter-generationalB. Only temporary shock povertyC. Only urbanD. Only relative

Q27. High inequality can cause:

A. Always higher growthB. Social tension, lower mobility, weaker sustainable growthC. Auto poverty endD. Higher savings by poor only

Q28. Capability approach associated with:

A. Only caloriesB. Amartya Sen – freedoms and capabilitiesC. Only World Bank linesD. Only jobs count

Q29. Demand-side employment intervention:

A. Only skill trainingB. Public investment and employment guaranteeC. Only curriculum changeD. Only labour law cut

Q30. Headcount ratio is:

A. Depth of povertyB. Share of population below poverty lineC. Only inequalityD. Only rural-urban gap

Q31. Informal employment in India:

A. NegligibleB. Large share with limited social securityC. All formal contractsD. Does not exist

Q32. Skill India / PMKVY aims to:

A. Only unemployment doleB. Enhance employability via trainingC. Only infrastructureD. Only MSP hike

Q33. Limit of income poverty lines:

A. Fully capture multidimensional povertyB. May miss health/education/living deprivationsC. Never updatedD. Only measure inequality

Q34. Missing middle often means:

A. Lack of mid-sized formal firms/jobsB. Only farm workersC. Only govt jobsD. Only gig work

Q35. Supports inclusive growth:

A. Regressive subsidies to richB. Human capital, financial inclusion, safety netsC. Only capital opennessD. Only high inflation

Q36. Seasonal unemployment common in:

A. ITB. AgricultureC. BankingD. Permanent govt jobs

Q37. Beyond-GDP indicators:

A. Only nominal GDPB. HDI, MPI, Gini, learning outcomesC. Only fiscal deficitD. Only repo

Q38. Poverty line historically anchored to:

A. Only goldB. Calorie norms then broader basketsC. Only dollar/day no PPPD. Only urban rent

Q39. Unemployment rate can rise if:

A. LFPR fallsB. LFPR rises faster than employmentC. Population fallsD. GDP rises only

Q40. Well-designed safety net:

A. Universal leakageB. Targets vulnerable, adequate, efficient deliveryC. Only non-poor benefitD. No grievance system

Q41. Decent Work promoted by:

A. WTOB. ILOC. IMFD. RBI

Q42. Female LFPR in India:

A. Higher than maleB. Relatively low – policy concernC. IrrelevantD. Highest globally

Q43. Vulnerability to poverty:

A. Only current statusB. Risk of falling into poverty from shocksC. Only chronicD. Only urban

Q44. MGNREGA contributes to:

A. Only cash transfer like PM-KISANB. Employment and rural asset creationC. Only fertiliser subsidyD. Only home loan subvention

Q45. Sen Index combines:

A. Only headcountB. Headcount, gap and inequality among poorC. Only overall GiniD. Only HDI

Q46. Poorly targeted subsidies risk:

A. Always cut inequalityB. Fiscal cost and leakage to non-poorC. Always raise employmentD. No fiscal impact

Q47. Jobless growth concern:

A. Growth always creates jobsB. Output rises without enough jobsC. Only affects farmsD. Auto cuts poverty

Q48. Long-term poverty reduction needs:

A. Only short cash transfersB. Growth + human capital + jobs + safety netsC. Only high inflationD. Only trade restrictions

Q49. PLFS conducted by:

A. RBIB. NSO/MoSPIC. Only Labour MinistryD. World Bank only

Q50. Poverty and unemployment are:

A. UnrelatedB. Interlinked; addressing one helps othersC. Only GDP mattersD. Inequality has no effect

Poverty, Unemployment & Inclusive Growth

Result